Thursday, January 27, 2011

Enheduana, The First Known (Non-Anonymous) Writer


Recently in humanities class I read about Enheduana. Enheduana was a woman who lived around 2300 BC. Her father was King Sargon, an important king who ruled cities like Akkad and Kish in Mesopotamia. She is best known for being the first person to use their name in writing. This is significant not only because of the fact she is the first named writer, but also because at the time, extremely few women knew how to read or write. IN fact, most people were illiterate and literary tasks like recordkeeping in trade were handled by (male) scribes. Enheduana only learned to read because of her father's importance. Her father appointed her as high priestess, which was a very important position at the time.

In the text that I read about Enheduana, there were some questions at the end. Here are the Answers:
1. Books at that time looked a bit like pillows, because they were large clay tablets. They were made by scribes scratching the text into the clay tablet while the clay was still wet, and letting the clay dry.
2. Enheduana and her family lived in a palace in the city-state of Akkad, in Sumer. Her father was the King.
3. Her job was to be the High Priestess to an important god. She did her job by offering prayers and carrying out rituals. She later lost this job when a nephew of her's became king and kicked her out.
4. The author supports the claim that they were so popular that they were like bestsellers by telling that over 50 tablets have been found with one of her poems.
5. Enheduana wrote about how how her father Sargon was revolted against and his city besieged, and how he broke the siege.

This is an image of one of the tablets where one of her poems was written.

Monday, January 17, 2011

How People Today Have Changed their Environment

If changing one's environment is a sign of success, then we as humans are incredibly successful. Pretty much every aspect of most people's environment was created or altered by humans. Let's run through an average person's day, who we'll call Person A.
Person A wakes up in his apartment, in a building made by humans in a city built by humans.
He showers with water from a tap, a system created and controlled by humans.
He eats cereal, which a processed food made from domesticated wheat in an industrial farm with pesticides. That farm has been made many times more productive by humans, with tools like machines that sow seeds, and pesticides that wipe out bugs.
After continuing to get ready, he drives to work in a car on a road. Both of those are completely human inventions. Humans have devised an invention to get them places quickly, along with a system and rules and a whole lot of paving. Where the pavement that Person A is driving on is used to be nature a few thousand years back. On the side of the roads, he sees some fields. It is one of the few elements that hasn't been created or altered by humans that he will see throughout the day.

I won't go through his whole day.
Along with all this human modification to the world what makes our lives easier and more pleasurable, come some downsides.
The car, which I mentioned earlier puts CO2 gas into the air which causes global warming. Humans have also contributed to the extinction of many animals.Some people could also argue humans were happier with a simpler, hunter/gatherer lifestyle without a mortgage to pay off or taxes to pay.

Wednesday, January 12, 2011

Why is Catal Hoyuk an important archaeological find?

Why is Catal Hoyuk an important archaeological find?
Catal Hoyuk was a significant archaeological find because it was a big step for humanity, as it was the largest town at the time in the world and was also a culmination of human development with things like trade, and farming. It was also important because it showed the state of human development, of farming, weaponry for hunting, craft-making.
I personally think that it is an interesting site because of the way all the houses were grouped together and people walked on the roofs, but that's not really relevant.